The traditional classification of space assets as either purely civilian or military is becoming obsolete, according to Mélusine Lebret, a researcher at RAND Europe. As nations seek to bolster their defense capabilities, systems originally designed for civilian use are being repurposed for military functions. This trend, often described as the 'weaponization of space,' complicates international security dynamics.

Lebret notes that the current space-security landscape is defined by a paradox. While states are actively preparing for potential conflict in orbit, they simultaneously rely on a shared, interconnected infrastructure to maintain the usability of space. This creates a state of tension where competition for dominance exists alongside a structural necessity for cooperation. Because space systems are deeply integrated into global communications, navigation, and intelligence, the militarization of these assets does not necessarily signal the end of international collaboration. Instead, it suggests a shift toward a more precarious environment where nations must balance strategic rivalry with the need to keep space operational for all users. The challenge for policymakers, therefore, is to manage this competition without destabilizing the critical systems upon which both civilian and military sectors depend.