The situation regarding the Rohingya in Myanmar is defined by a long-term process of state-sponsored exclusion. Beginning with the 1982 Citizenship Law, the Myanmar government effectively rendered the Rohingya population stateless by excluding them from the list of recognized ethnic groups. This legal framework served as the foundation for what analysts describe as an 'architecture of statelessness,' where administrative barriers were used to systematically deny the Rohingya access to basic rights, property ownership, and legal identity.

This institutionalized discrimination culminated in mass expulsions, particularly following military crackdowns in Rakhine State. These events forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya to flee across the border into neighboring Bangladesh, creating one of the world's largest refugee crises. The international community has responded to these developments through the International Court of Justice (ICJ), where Myanmar currently faces a genocide case. The proceedings focus on whether the state’s actions—ranging from the denial of citizenship to the military-led campaigns—constitute an intent to destroy the Rohingya as a group. While the legal arguments center on state responsibility and international human rights law, the human impact remains characterized by ongoing displacement and the loss of ancestral homes, which have been systematically destroyed or repurposed in the wake of the exodus.