A report published by The Lancet Commission on 21st Century Global Threats to Health has outlined 17 major risks that could threaten human existence and global health over the next 75 years. Among these, the potential for nuclear warfare and the malicious application of artificial intelligence were highlighted as the most critical dangers facing humanity by the year 2100.

The commission’s assessment argues that these threats do not exist in isolation. Instead, they interact with other systemic issues, such as the climate crisis, widespread childhood malnutrition, and reductions in international aid spending by wealthy nations. Because these risks are linked, the authors suggest that addressing them individually is insufficient; they advocate for a comprehensive, integrated approach to global policy.

While the report presents a dire outlook, the experts involved maintained that the situation is not inevitable. They stated that there is a "realistic route to act" on each of the identified threats. The commission emphasized that the health outcomes of the next century will be directly determined by the decisions made by current political and global leaders. The report serves as a call to action, urging policymakers to recognize the cumulative impact of these interconnected risks rather than treating them as separate or secondary concerns.